الخلاصة:
Cet article met l’accent sur les fonctions du verbe « être » en français et du verbe « kāna » en arabe en tant que copule, auxiliaire et verbe plein. L'étude se base sur les productions écrites des étudiants de 2ème année licence en FLE afin d'identifier les usages récurrents de ces verbes et de comprendre leurs différences en fonction des contextes linguistiques et des contraintes syntaxiques propres à chaque langue. L’analyse révèle que « kāna », lorsqu’il est suivi d’un verbe conjugué, joue un rôle essentiel dans la structuration temporelle et aspectuelle des actions en arabe, tandis que « être » en français est principalement utilisé comme copule pour exprimer des états ou des descriptions. L'article met également en lumière les divergences linguistiques entre les deux langues, tout en explorant la maîtrise et l’utilisation de ces verbes par les étudiants dans des contextes narratifs. This article focuses on the functions of the verb “être” in French and the verb “kāna” in Arabic, specifically as a copula, auxiliary, and full verb. The study is based on the written productions of second-year undergraduate students in FFL to identify the recurring uses of these verbs and to understand their differences in relation to the linguistic contexts and syntactic constraints specific to each language. The analysis reveals that “kāna,” when followed by a conjugated verb, plays a crucial role in the temporal and aspectual structuring of actions in Arabic, while “être”in French is primarily used as a copula to express states or descriptions. The article also highlights the linguistic divergences between the two languages, while exploring how students grasp and employ these verbs in narrative contexts. This article focuses on the functions of the verb “être” in French and the verb “kāna” in
Arabic, specifically as a copula, auxiliary, and full verb. The study is based on the written
productions of second-year undergraduate students in FFL to identify the recurring uses of
these verbs and to understand their differences in relation to the linguistic contexts and
syntactic constraints specific to each language. The analysis reveals that “kāna,” when
followed by a conjugated verb, plays a crucial role in the temporal and aspectual structuring
of actions in Arabic, while “être”in French is primarily used as a copula to express states or
descriptions. The article also highlights the linguistic divergences between the two
languages, while exploring how students grasp and employ these verbs in narrative contexts.