Reflexions Sur Les Phrasemes A Motivation Corporelle En Berbere : Vers Une Approche Symbolique

Abstract

RESUME Cet article s’intéressera aux phrasèmes à motivation corporelle en berbère, c’est-à-dire ceux dont le noyau est l’une des désignations des parties du corps humain. Il démontrera que les représentations socioculturelles font que les parties du corps humain soient des référentiels symboliques et que l’étude des phrasèmes de cette catégorie doit être menée selon une ap-proche symbolique. Notre objectif est d’expliquer le fonctionnement de cette approche en tant qu’un procédé de construction du sens d’une partie importante des phrasèmes et de la distin-guer d’autres procédés tels que la métaphore. En outre, cette étude intégrera une analyse sé-mantico-syntaxique mettant en lumière la complémentarité du noyau sémantique et d’un autre constituant ayant comme fonction la spécification du sens de l’expression dans un contexte précis. Il s’agit ici de distinguer entre les constituants en termes de leur degré de participation à la construction du sens final, ainsi que de leur degré du figement. Cette étude repose notamment sur des unités phraséologiques contenant aḍar « pied ». Ces unités font partie d’un corpus oral et authentique recueilli dans la région des Ayt Ḥmad Uɛisa, au Maroc central. Le recueillement du corpus s’est effectué en 2019 à l’aide de deux techniques d’enquête : entretien semi-directif et observation participante. Mots-clés : phraséologie, phrasème, approche symbolique, métaphore, corps, berbère. ABSTRACT This article focuses on body-minded phrasing in Berber, i. e., where the nucleus is one of the designations of parts of the human body. It aims to demonstrate that the cultural di-mension and socio-cultural representations make the parts of the human body symbolic refer-ential and the study of sentences in this category should be conducted according to a symbol-ic approach. Our goal is to explain the functioning of this approach as a process for construct-ing the meaning of an important part of the phrasemes and to distinguish it from other pro-cesses such as metaphor. Besides, it will include a semantic-syntactic analysis highlighting the complementarity of the nucleus and another constituent whose function is to specify the meaning of the expression in a given context. It is the question of distinguishing between the constituents in terms of their degree of participation in the construction of the final meaning, as well as their degree of fixedness. This study is based on particular on phraseological units containing "aḍar" (foot). These units are part of an oral and authentic corpus collected in the Ayt Ḥmad Uɛisa region, in cen-tral Morocco. The corpus was collected in 2019 using two survey techniques: semi-structured interview and participant observation. Keywords: Phraseology, idiom, symbolic approach, metaphor, body, Berber.

Abstract This article focuses on body-minded phrasing in Berber, i. e., where the nucleus is one of the designations of parts of the human body. It aims to demonstrate that the cultural dimension and socio-cultural representations make the parts of the human body symbolic referential and the study of sentences in this category should be conducted according to a symbolic approach. Our goal is to explain the functioning of this approach as a process for constructing the meaning of an important part of the phrasemes and to distinguish it from other processes such as metaphor. Besides, it will include a semantic-syntactic analysis highlighting the complementarity of the nucleus and another constituent whose function is to specify the meaning of the expression in a given context. It is the question of distinguishing between the constituents in terms of their degree of participation in the construction of the final meaning, as well as their degree of fixedness. Réflexions sur les phrasemes à motivation : Corporelle en berbère - vers une approche symbolique48 This study is based on particular on phraseological units containing "aḍar" (foot). These units are part of an oral and authentic corpus collected in the Ayt Ḥmad Uɛisa region, in central Morocco. The corpus was collected in 2019 using two survey techniques: semi-structured interview and participant observation.