الرسائل والأطروحات الأكاديمية
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يسمح هذه المجموعة الأعمال الأكاديمية بالحفاظ والأرشفة واسترجاع والوصول الى كل الرسائل الجامعية وأطروحات الدكتوراه المجازة في جامعة الجزائر 2 ؛ وتشمل كل تخصصات الجامعة الحالية والمستقبلية
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Item Identity Quest in Ayi Kwei Armah's Novels(University of Algiers. Faculty of Arts and Languages, 2009) Mami, Fouad; Bensemmane, M'hamed (Directeur de thèse)The Ghanaian novelist Ayi Kwei Armah (b.1939) has developed his prose fiction into a quest for ways to postulate a satisfying concept of identity. In The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born, Fragments and Why Are We So Blest? he uncovers the tenets of the present dysfunctional identity which Africa has adopted. Two Thousand Seasons and The Healers seem to attribute the present dysfunctionality to the African past. The same undertaking is repeated in the last two novels: Osiris Rising (1995) and KMT in the House of Life (2002). In both, this writer offers a similar approach to the cultural, social and political impasse in the continent. What is new in these last two works, however, is that Armah excavates historical evidence that attaches West Africa to the land of Kemet, or ancient Egypt. For him, the revival of present day African culture cannot be achieved until African communities connect and identify with the tradition of Ma'at back in Kemetic times. The present malaise and passivity on the part of the African communities, in Armah’s opinion, have been attributed to a long epistemic conditioning rooted in cultural imperialism via the western educational system. Persistent misinformation about African culture and a crude falsification of Africa’s millennial history have paved the way to the slave trade and colonial occupation. Meanwhile, archaic forms of thinking and the institutionalization of legitimacy in tradition have caused a deep-seated self-hatred and inferiority complex on the part of the African before the non-African. In other words, the post independence period is characterized by a lack of any constructive postulation of identity; a fact that has been detrimental to, and perhaps, the principal reason for, the burgeoning of political corruption, military coups, civil wars and illegal immigration. Still, in Armah's opinion, the sorry state of affairs in Africa can be reversed via serious considerations of the millennial past of the continent reaching to the times of ancient Egypt. According to Armah, one should reach a point where ancient Egyptian mythology, philosophy, architecture, egalitarian ethics and other civilizational additions start to be celebrated as African achievements, and thus form the basis for a true cultural renaissance in present day Africa. The deployment of the myth of Isis and Osiris in Armah’s last two novelistic experiments falls in the direction of placing Africa at the heart of ancient Egyptian cosmology and worldview. The authorial intention in iv Fragments, Armah’s second novel, reflects a bleak worldview; a defiled set of values epistemologically rooted in ancient Greece. The switch, in his last two novels, idealising Egyptian worldview, suggests that Armah blames the Greek matrix for generating the present cultural malaise in Africa. A close reading of Armah’s novels suggests that what can be called the ‘Egyptian paradigm’ is favoured over the Greek one, simply because this latter has spelled only patriarchy, hunger for profit and power, plus unjustifiable violence. Additionally, Armah finds the Egyptian paradigm, with its constellative trends of identity, more egalitarian, peaceful, self-enhancing and empowering. This thesis tries to advance the argument that Armah's placement of two mutually contradicting paradigms (Greek versus Kemetic) can be an oversimplification of the problems facing Africa. While some elements in the Greek paradigm, like patriarchy, characterised by the hunt for profit via slavery and violence, is indeed harmful, history proves that patriarchy has not been limited only to ancient Greece. The myth of Isis and Osiris, Armah's principal myth of liberation, itself exudes patriarchal overtones. Besides, Armah's drama is more in favour of polemics where instead it should opt for analysis. Armah neither appreciates African lore as it has always been, nor does he show how western educational schooling is inhibitive when it come to Africa's cultural regeneration. Armah's identity quest is part of that school of thinking whose main problem is its inability to process and evaluate larger quantities of updates than it feels it can handle. As the novels considered in this thesis clearly illustrate, Armah can be qualified as a self-styled realist who often equates imagination with wishful thinking and sees imagination as a way to address the realities of present-day Africa.Item IDENTITY ISSUES AND RACIAL INTERACTION IN ALEX LA GUMA’S A WALK IN THE NIGHT (1962) AND RICHARD WRIGHT’S NATIVE SON (1940)(University of algiers2 Abu El Kacem Saad Allah جامعة الجزائر 2 أبو القاسم سعد الله, 2018) Denidni, Samira; Bensemmane, M'hamed (Directeur de thèse)Focusing on two major works, Richard Wright’s Native Son (1940) and Alex La Guma’s A Walk in the Night (1962), this dissertation aims to discuss the black/white interaction and identity issues of the non-whites, in the USA and South Africa. Following the concepts of Post-Colonial theories, and relying on Hegel’s master slave dialectic and the Fanonian theories, this study examines how otherness is enacted in the inferiority complex that the dominant power exerts on the “subaltern”, and how psychological and physical oppression and segregation of the “Other” are the factors of their identity crisis. The most interesting finding was that the frustration of subject races, in Jim Crowed America and Apartheid in South Africa, has led to their downfall. It has revealed that the consequential accumulation of stress and the need for individuality lead the subject races to act with violence.Item Writing from the Margins(University of algiers2 Abu El Kacem Saad Allah جامعة الجزائر 2 أبو القاسم سعد الله, 2021) Amirouche, Nassima; Bensemmane, M'hamed (Directeur de thèse)This thesis explores the rich tradition of minority women writers and the ways in which they have expressed their sense of identity through their autobiographical writings. The selected autobiographers belong to different ethnic groups, and the selected texts are: Harriet Jacobs' Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl(1861),and Zora Neale Hurston's Dust Tracks on a Road (1942) for African Americans, Zitkala Sa's American Indian Stories (1921) and Leslie Marmon Silko's Storyteller (1981) for Native Americans, and finally, Cleofas Jaramillo's Romance of a Little Village Girl (1955), and Norma Elia Cantu's Canicula: Snapshots of a Girlhood en la Frontera for Chicanas. I will use specific approaches specific to each writer and ethnic groupItem HEROISM, REPRESENTATION AND COMMUNAL SALVATION IN WOLE SOYINKA’S DEATH AND THE KING’S HORSEMAN, A DANCE OF THE FORESTS AND THE STRONG BREED(جامعة الجزائر 02 أبو القاسم سعد الله University of Algiers 2 Abou El Kacem Saadallah, 2016) Chergui, Khadija; Bensemmane, M'hamed (Directeur de thèse)This dissertation examines how Soyinka’s vision of the relationship between the individual and society, mainly the idea of the "visceral intertwining of an individual with the fate of the community", is developed in some of his tragic plays.Soyinka's presentation of the vision of the tragic heroic self in A Dance of the Forests, The Strong Breed, and Death and the king's Horseman, is part of his project to bring about change in society and raise people’s consciousness and awareness to issues that might be detrimental to their future well-being. Throughout our study, we demonstrated that Soyinka believes that in order to release the society from what he termed in his play A Dance of the Forests"the soul-deadening habits", the chosen heroic agent that Soyinka outlines in his plays, would act as " the force of fusion between the various contradictions" inherent in his society.Item The Fragmented Soul and Social Conventions in Ngugi’s Petals of Blood and Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night(2016) Tlemçani, Chafia; Bensemmane, M'hamed (Directeur de thèse)This dissertation is concerned with a specific type inherent in the complexity of the individual, which is the fragmented or split personality. This issue has been treated in modern literature both in the Western world and by African postmodern writers as Modern Times gave the individual a sense of displacement engendered by extraneous forces because of the rejection, namely the violence of colonization and the legacy of war. One of the modern African works of fiction dealing with this shadowy aspect of human identity is Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Petals of Blood. In this novel, Ngugi presents an interesting, though problematic, aspect of the characters. Likewise and though emanating from different reasons and backgrounds, the modernist American novel Tender is the Night by F.S. Fitzgerald deals with a protagonist’s psychic disintegration