الأطروحات الدكتوراه

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CROSS-CULTURAL AND IDEOLOGICAL PERCEPTIONS OF THE OTHER IN W.B. YEATS, JAMES JOYCE, JOSEPH CONRAD, CHINUA ACHEBE AND ASSIA DJEBAR
(University of Algiers. Faculty of Arts and Languages, 2009) Rebai Maamri, Malika
This doctoral thesis investigates ‘Otherness’ through works which have thoroughly examined and questioned the creation of a “stable self” by putting it in dialogue with its others and to society as a whole, namely William Butler Yeats’s selected poems, James Joyce’s Dubliners, (1914) Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, (1899) Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart (1958), and Assia Djebar’s L’Amour, La Fantasia (1985). By representing the results of English, Belgian and French oppression in tangible material terms as well as its spiritual bankrupcies, these writers mark their works as clearly critical of the colonial regime and opposed to colonial exploitation, positioning themselves as postcolonial through their representations. In this sense, their texts raise issues debated in current postcolonial discussions. Speaking in the voice of the oppressed, in the language of the oppressor as a weapon to make cultural difference visible, these writers indeed analyse the problem of identity crisis, displacement, disintegration and the effects of colonialism on the culture and psyche of the colonised subject. These authors moreover offer possibilities of dismantling polarized constructions of alterity in a way similar to postcolonial critics such as Edward Said, Frantz Fanon, Homi K. Bhabha, Gayatri Spivak, among others, whose theories are central to the analysis of the above-cited narratives. This study also draws on Bakhtin’s theory on the dialogues of voices in texts, heteroglossia and polyphony among others and theories of intertextuality such as Julia Kristeva’s and Roland Barthes’s, who by using metaphors of “mosaic” and “social text,” encourage us to view a text as part of, and being overrun by a larger “social context,” hence the importance of a socio-critical reading of these writers’ texts to show that their artistic creations are social practices and ideological productions. Each theoretical approach mentioned above will be used where appropriate to bear on some aspects of our analysis in the various chapters of this thesis, which has been organised into two parts respectvely comprising four chapters and seven chapters. One important way to understand the effects of colonisation and decolonisation on Ireland, Nigeria, the Congo and Algeria is to gauge the institutional legacies of history. Part one therefore addresses the colonial legacy in Ireland, Nigeria, the Congo and Algeria. The examination of the British, Belgian and French models of colonisation will reveal common features. Our concern however lies elsewhere, with those forms of domination that revolve around the construction of the Other. It is particularly important to see to what extent the otherness of the Nigerians, Congolese, Algerians and Irish, their supposed ‘inferiority’ and ‘savagery’ justified the colonisers’ intrusion on their respective territories. In Part two, we have therefore first examined the role played by ethnocentric prejudices in shaping the relations of England, Belgium and France towards their respective colonies. We have also focused on the repercussions this thinking had on the minds of the British, Belgian and French colonisers. Working against the background of the West’s history of the colonial enterprise and its exploitation of other societies and cultures, postcolonial theory has thus been used as a vital tool to re-read the texts of Western imperialism and offers a powerful framework for analysing identity formation. We have then analysed Yeats’s,Joyce’s, Conrad’s, Achebe’s and Djebar’s aforementioned texts in the light of postcolonial theory such as Edward Said’s, Frantz Fanon’s, Homi K. Bhabha’s and Gayatri Spivak’s among others. The gist of our argument in the various chapters of this doctoral thesis is therefore twofold: colonialism and postcolonialism as essentially a critique of colonialism in Ireland, Nigeria, the Congo and Algeria.
Ecriture et représentation de l’Histoire algérienne au féminin dans La Grotte Eclatée de Yamina Méchakra, Le Blanc de l’Algérie d’Assia Djebar et Pierre Sang Papier ou Cendre de Maïssa Bey
(University of algiers2 Abu El Kacem Saad Allah جامعة الجزائر 2 أبو القاسم سعد الله, 2021) GUERROUI, Mervette; Ouardi, Brahim (Directeur de thèse)
Dans La Grotte Eclatée de Yamina Méchakra, Le Blanc de l’Algérie d’Assia Djebar et Pierre Sang Papier ou Cendre de Maïssa Bey, les maux de l’Histoire se défilent à travers le prisme de la mémoire. A partir la question du regard porté sur le passé, cette thèse étudie les modalités de l’écriture et des représentations de l’Histoire algérienne et analyse, dans une perspective postcoloniale, les stratégies textuelles et fictionnelles de la représentation historique chez les trois écrivaines. Il s’agit d’abord d’étudier les structures discursives et narratives employées dans le corpus afin de vérifier le rôle de la transgression textuelle dans la dénonciation de toutes les formes de l’oppression coloniale et post-coloniale. L’interprétation des thèmes obsessionnels que génèrent les représentations fictionnelles du passé historique chez les trois écrivaines montre enfin comment les représentations mémorielles, testimoniales et identitaires s’entrelacent dans leurs imaginaires afin de présenter leur vison sur l’Histoire.
Women Rewriting History and Writing a Literary Tradition
(University of Algiers2 Abu EL Kacem Saad Allahجامعة أبو القاسم سعد الله الجزائر, 2017) BOUSSOUALIM-Hamda, Malika; Deramchia, Yamina
"Women Rewriting History and Writing a Literary Tradition" is a work that shows interest in the novel written in western languages by postcolonial Africana female writers, who write to re-examine the history of Africana women, which was either forgotten or distorted in existing accounts about it. In fact, this doctoral project is a critical evaluation of three novels, two continental: The Joys of Motherhood by the Nigerian Buchi Emecheta and La femme sans sépulture by the Algerian Assia Djebar and a novel from the diaspora,Possessing the Secret of Joy by the African American Alice Walker. The three novels are selected as samples for a case study aimed to explore the motivations, aspirations and challenges of this novel. This research project is a comparative contrastive study woven into the textual analysis of these three representative works, and focused on demonstrating the intertextual relations between them.

الأطروحات الدكتوراه

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